Getting There

Well, as you can see, I am near to completing the layout. Just to keep track of what was left I made a "to do" list and the items reach about 50 steps. So I really have a lot of little things to finish.

I got the river bed completed with acrylic paint to simulate a variety of depths, and am now ready to install the Realistic Water. I am also experimenting with two different approaches to building the upper river and the waterfall on the top of the mountain.

This photo was taken the day after Christmas, so my freight car inventory had grown the day before. If you look closely you can see the USRA Mikado 2-8-2 pulling a line of reefers (click the picture to enlarge, and then use the back button to return here). Along the river there is a row of Shell Oil and Texas Natural Gas tank cars filling up in the Winslow yard.

Landscaping Begins

After removing all the bridges and viaducts, and covering the track with painter's tape, I began to apply the landscaping.

For this process I chose the various ground foam products from Woodlands Scenics. I used a combination of the burnt grass & yellow grass to get a more desert like effect. The only place I laid down green grass was in the center of the layout between Winslow and Flagstaff.

When I pulled up the tape I had a few problems with my roads, as the asphalt coloring was pulled off in some places. All I had to do was re-apply the covering. Next, we start on the rivers and waterfall.

Painting Begins

Well, after a significant delay due to apprehension about the acrylic paints, I finally dove in.

I mixed several colors to try and match the Sedona red from my dirt and rock samples collected by Scott & Trish. I finally got a combination that was close enough for jazz.

I put color washes on the mountain face as well as the various rocks on the layouts. My plan is to add real dirt to apply the final, true color of Sedona in several places. This is the final step before I begin the landscaping of grass in earnest.

Construction of Structures Begins

In order to make sure the parking lots were correct I needed to construct a few of the basic structures I had planned for the layout.

As much of the layout is rural, I planned only a few structures in the two urban areas of Winslow & Flagstaff, AZ.

Winslow is hosting the freight yards, so I had planned on a freight office and warehouse structure. In Flagstaff I needed a passenger depot and a small freight facility (mostly for mail & packages carried on the Super Chief). I also may add some track side buildings to the freight yard entrance.

For the kits I chose the Cornerstone series from Walthers. They have a significant inventory of quality kits in N scale and they make reasonable projects for the intermediate model builder.

Highways and Parking Lots

After studying the various approaches to modeling highways and parking lots, I chose the family of "Road System" products from Woodland Scenics.

I used the "Paving Tape" to lay out the edges of all the roads and parking lots. Then I mixed the "Smooth-it" material that forms the roadbed. This material is then poured into the "forms" created by the paving tape outlines.

After about 12 hours the road surface was hard and I removed the paving tape. With just a little light sanding to remove the rough edges, I was ready to apply the surface of the roadway.

Here I chose the "Asphalt Top Coat" because I liked the dark color and thought it more closely matched the rural feel of the layout in the 1950's of northern Arizona.

Once the asphalt had dried I was able to apply the highway lines and other traffic markings. To accomplish this I used colored pencils and with the aid of both a straight edge and french curve, I penciled in all the yellow and white lines.

First Coat of Paint

Once all the rock outcroppings were spackled in place and the main routes for the roadway and river were carved and smoothed, I was ready for the first coat of paint.

I chose a basic off white flat latex house paint for the undercoat. This gave the entire layout a desert feel with a light sand color.

Detailing the Tunnel Portals

Once I completed the basic mountain, I was able to concentrate of the details.

I installed the precast tunnel portals and retaining walls from Woodland Scenics and spackled them into place.

This photo shows the west bound main line entering the tunnel after crossing the main highway over a concrete viaduct.

A Mountain Takes Shape

With the layout design complete I was able to start working in earnest on the landscaping. The first thing I tackled was the building of Santa Fe Mountain in Sedona, AZ. While the prototypical railroad did not really run through Sedona, I could not resist bring the beautiful red rocks into my layout.

After attaching 4 layers of 2" foam using liquid nails, I began to carve the general shape of the mountain. I wanted to run the outer main line rails through a tunnel in the mountain, so I laid out the portals and the approaches.

Once this was completed, I blended the various layers using lightweight spackle compound, and started to design the rocks and rock faces. I used two approaches here ... the first were custom rock outcroppings using Hydocal plaster molds, and the second was the sheer "Rubber Rock" face from Cripplebush.

Both of these approaches worked great and before long I had my mountain in place with all the beautiful rock detail.

Finalizing the Route & Design

After reviewing the ATSF route map from the 1940-50's, I finalized my choice for prototype location of my layout.

My route will travel from the freight yards of Winslow, AZ to the passenger depot in Flagstaff, AZ. Along the way the main line will travel through a tunnel in the San Francisco Peaks mountain range just north of Flagstaff.

With these decisions finalized, I am ready to move forward on the layout's terrain & landscaping features.

Observing Real Life

Before I started to model the various landscape features on my layout, I gathered several pictures of similar features in real life.

Here is a photo of a modern viaduct that takes railroad tracks over a highway.

By using this approach, I will be able to better duplicate the details of actual railroad implementations of the bridges, trestles and viaducts. The only risk is that I will make my layout look more modern than the actual 1950's implementation of these features. To avoid these problems, I had to do some more reading and browsing the web for period photographs.

Once I had this information I was ready to start building the mountain ...

Roadbed & Track in Place

After a lot of experimentation with cutting depressions into the foam base, I finalized the location and depth of the river and the roadway. With these in place, I was able to lay the final cork roadbed for the outer main line and to lay all the turnouts, viaducts and track.

I was also able to route the wiring for the track power and the turnouts. A hole was drilled immediately under each track piece that requires power that allowed the wires to go down through the foam base and to emerge under the wood base frame. The wires were then routed through the various holes in the frame to bring them all to the main control point.

Now that the track was in its final location, I was able to run the trains on all the available routes to once again make sure I had all the clearances right to handle the long passenger cars. During this process, I discovered that the Super Chief's dome observation car (the longest one) brushed the inside walls of the viaduct overpasses. By lowering the height of each inside wall by filing them down I eliminated this problem.

I am now ready to glue the track in place and begin building the major landscaping features ...

Planning for Major Landscaping

To make sure all the bridges and viaducts worked correctly and looked realistic, I made several test implementations of these features before I cut into the main layout's foam board.

I had to determine the proper scale depth for the highway underpasses, and make sure the various bridges worked. I had planned to implement 5 viaducts over the highway, 2 trestle bridges (1 single track and 1 double track) over the river, and 2 plate girder bridges over the creek below the waterfall.

It was a good thing I did this testing as I messed up the foam board on my first attempt, and completed 2 more tests before I had the technique of cutting & gouging down that left a realistic resulting landscape.

Laying Out the Track Plan

The next step in the process was to layout the track plan on the foam board. The easiest way to do this was to lay out and connect all the track, power connections, turnouts, bridges and viaducts.

Once everything was connected and properly aligned, I ran the trains around the layout to make sure all the clearances were correct. Then I marked the location of all the roadbed with a pencil.

Since my foam board was sealed with a layer of thin cardboard, and I was planning on creating several depressions in my landscape, I had to peal off the cardboard everywhere there was no track and roadbed. I was planning on laying down an additional cork roadbed on my main outer line so it would be higher than the inner lines, so the cardboard helped keep the inner lines just above the surface of the foam.

Finally, I drilled the holes for the wires to the power blocks and the turnouts. I was now ready to start digging out the depressions for the river and the highway ...

Choice of Power & Control

My next big choice was how I was going to power the layout and control the trains. This turned out to be a HUGE topic that took several weeks of study to resolve. There currently are two main ways to approach this decision ... DC & DCC.

DC, or Direct Current, is the traditional, less complicated method to provide power to the track & accessories, and to control the actions of the railroad engines. DCC, or Digital Command Control, is the more modern, more technology focused approach.

Naturally, I was drawn toward the technological solution. After all, did I want a simple power pack to run the trains, or did I want to use a computer? Well, even though this was my tendency, after considerable discussion with a local DCC expert, I was convinced to put this approach off to the second phase of my hobby.

I will not go into the complexities of the decision here, but suffice it to say that while DCC is a simpler solution to power the track, it opens a whole new way to spend big bucks on the digital computer control side. This still intrigues me, and I may upgrade sometime in the future, I am now running my trains with a Tech4 MRC 280 dual DC power pack & controller.

Using this device I am able to control both power blocks of my layout independently. So I can run two trains (steam & diesel) at the same time. The trains can be going in different directions, and can operate at different speeds. This enables me to implement both my passenger and freight trains on the same layout.

Choice of Track

After several weeks of reading, and talking with several of the model train store owners in Phoenix, I made my choice of track.

I was told the "real modelers" made all their layouts from flex track, and only "amateurs" used sectional track. However, I was also advised that if I wanted to avoid electrical problems, I should use the sectional track.

Not wanting to build a layout that would not work the first time, and since I really am an amateur, I chose Kato sectional track and started ordering the components I needed.

This track comes pre-installed on a grey plastic roadbed, and has a huge selection of configurations, including a double cross-over turnout that is available from no other manufacturer.

Track Layout Planning

I did considerable research on the various track planning software packages that were available. I was able to download and test 3 different applications before I finally settled on XTrkCad.

This versatile (and free) program took a little getting used to, but once I figured out the controls I was off to making track plans.

Since I wanted to run both a passenger and freight train, I needed at least two main lines that could be divided into two power blocks so I could run both trains simultaneously. I also wanted a passenger depot area, a freight area, and an engine maintenance facility.

The size and basic layout also provided me room to eventually build a mountain that could support a tunnel on the outer main line. This mountain would also be the water source with a waterfall providing the start for the creek and river.

Lastly, the design would provide space for the buildings and the roadway in the center of the layout.

Now that the track design was complete, and I had a track component inventory, I was ready to order the rest of the track ...

Layout Base Material

Once the frame was completed I installed the 2" foam board that would become the basic scenery platform to support the layout.

This foam board was chosen because it would be easy to cut out the depressions for the river and the highway underpasses I had planned.

Here you can see some of the first pieces of track and passenger cars that I acquired. With regard to my purchasing, I started very slowly so I had plenty of time to study each component before buying.

Next comes the final track layout planning ...

Building the Bench

Once I had settled on N scale for my railroad, I laid out a preliminary track plan. This led me to decide on a 3x5 foot total layout size.

I then began the construction of a bench to hold the layout. Using 4x1 inch pine, I built the frame and underlying supports.

Each of the interior supports was then drilled to support the wiring that would come when I installed the track's power grid and turnout controls.

Scale and Layout Size

There was considerable time spent deciding which scale (N or HO) I would use for my layout. I very much liked the general size and detail of the HO engines and cars, but the resulting size of an interesting layout would be too large for my requirements.

I wanted a table top unit that could easily be stored in the garage when not in use. Without a basement or extra room to devote to the hobby, I was limited to a size I could carry back and forth when needed.

The price of the track, turnouts, electrical, engines, cars and accessories was also a factor. After much on-line shopping, I saw that there was very little difference between the scales, but that in general, N scale was slightly cheaper.

The choice of N scale led to the next big choice ... layout and bench configuration. More on that next time ...

Santa Fe Railway Historical & Modeling Society

After a little preliminary research on the web, I decided to join the Santa Fe Railway Historical & Modeling Society. Their web site ... http://www.atsfrr.com/ ... contains some great information on the history of the real railroad.

Once I started down this path, it became critical that every decision I made for my model had to be authentic, both in content and in timing. If I wanted to run the Super Chief diesel engines and passenger cars, then I had to select everything else from a time period when this train actually ran from Winslow to Flagstaff, AZ.

I also wanted to run some steam engines for the freight trains ... this desire led me to select the crossover time period between steam and diesel when both were running on the line. Once this was decided, I was stuck between the late 1940's and the early 1950's as most of the steam engines were phased out and retired around 1955.

As I continued my research I found some web sites where historical pictures of railroads were offered by various deceased enthusiast's estates. At one of these sites, I found a listing for a picture of the Mikado 2-8-2 steam engine running through Winslow, AZ. I have ordered this picture and plan to custom decorate a Kato 2-8-2 Mikado steam engine to match. I will share the picture here when it arrives.

Research and Decision Making

This project started with a desire to expand the LGB Christmas train my wife and I have had running under our tree each year. Like many folks, this small setup was the only model train in the house. But the little 48" circle had gotten boring, so I started acquiring additional G scale track. After a few weeks in the hobby stores and on eBay I found that if this was to grow into a full sized layout it was going to cost really big $$$ and outgrow the house in a hurry.

So I decided to move my attention to a smaller scale model railroad. I have always had a fascination with the Santa Fe Super Chief engines and passenger car consists of the 40’s and 50’s and this directed my early decisions. I knew early on that I did not want to begin this project with the purchase of another "starter" set, so I began some research via the net and Google.

As you can expect, I found more information than I could quickly digest. This is a vast hobby with model railroad enthusiasts all over the world. In the coming articles I will detail each topic of research and share my findings.

Welcome to the Santa Fe Railroad Circa 1953

Welcome to my model of the ASTF Santa Fe railroad circa 1953.

This is a prototype model of both the passenger and freight ATSF lines that ran from Winslow to Flagstaff, Arizona in the late 40's and early 50's.

My hope is to document the entire process so that I might share both my decision making and my building experiences. I have not been involved with model railroading since I was a young boy, when my dad and I maintained a small HO layout in the basement of our home in Michigan.